With Ernő Rubik's permission, businessman Tibor Laczi took a Cube to Germany's Nuremberg Toy Fair in February 1979 in an attempt to popularise it. Magic Cube was held together with interlocking plastic pieces that prevented the puzzle being easily pulled apart, unlike the magnets in Nichols's design.
The first test batches of the Magic Cube were produced in late 1977 and released in Budapest toy shops. Rubik applied for a patent in Hungary for his "Magic Cube" ( Hungarian: Bűvös kocka) on 30 January 1975, and HU170062 was granted later that year. He did not realise that he had created a puzzle until the first time he scrambled his new Cube and then tried to restore it. Although it is widely reported that the Cube was built as a teaching tool to help his students understand 3D objects, his actual purpose was solving the structural problem of moving the parts independently without the entire mechanism falling apart. In the mid-1970s, Ernő Rubik worked at the Department of Interior Design at the Academy of Applied Arts and Crafts in Budapest. Packaging of Rubik's Cube, Toy of the year 1980 – Ideal Toy Corp., made in Hungary Since 2003, the World Cube Association, the international governing body of the Rubik's Cube, has organised competitions worldwide and recognises world records. Many speedcubers continue to practise it and similar puzzles, and compete for the fastest times in various categories. Similar puzzles have now been produced with various numbers of sides, dimensions, and stickers, not all of them by Rubik.Īlthough the Rubik's Cube reached its height of mainstream popularity in the 1980s, it is still widely known and used. For the puzzle to be solved, each face must be returned to have only one colour. An internal pivot mechanism enables each face to turn independently, thus mixing up the colours. On early cubes, the position of the colours varied from cube to cube. Since 1988, the arrangement of colours has been standardised with white opposite yellow, blue opposite green, and orange opposite red, and the red, white, and blue arranged clockwise in that order. Some later versions of the cube have been updated to use coloured plastic panels instead, which prevents peeling and fading.
On the original classic Rubik's Cube, each of the six faces was covered by nine stickers, each of one of six solid colours: white, red, blue, orange, green, and yellow. As of January 2009, 350 million cubes had been sold worldwide, making it the world's bestselling puzzle game and bestselling toy. It won the 1980 German Game of the Year special award for Best Puzzle. The cube was released internationally in 1980 and became one of the most recognized icons in popular culture. Originally called the Magic Cube, the puzzle was licensed by Rubik to be sold by Ideal Toy Corp in 1980 via businessman Tibor Laczi and Seven Towns founder Tom Kremer. The Rubik's Cube is a 3-D combination puzzle originally invented in 1974 by Hungarian sculptor and professor of architecture Ernő Rubik.
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